Mã hóa và Giải mã URL

// Component (recommended for query values)
const encoded = encodeURIComponent(text);
// If you need '+' for spaces in query strings
const encodedPlus = encoded.replace(/%20/g, '+');
// Full URI
const encodedUri = encodeURI(url);

// Treat '+' as space if needed
const input = plusAsSpace ? s.replace(/\+/g, ' ') : s;
// Component
const dec1 = decodeURIComponent(input);
// Fallback to decodeURI when input is a full URL
const dec2 = decodeURI(input);

// Component (RFC 3986)
$encoded = rawurlencode($text);
// '+' for spaces (application/x-www-form-urlencoded)
$encodedPlus = str_replace('%20', '+', $encoded);
// Full query usage
$query = http_build_query(['q' => '你好 世界', 'type' => 'text']);

// Component
$decoded = rawurldecode($s);
// If input uses '+' for spaces
$decodedPlus = urldecode($s);

from urllib.parse import quote, quote_plus

# Component (RFC 3986)
enc = quote(text, safe='')
# '+' for spaces (application/x-www-form-urlencoded)
enc_plus = quote_plus(text)

from urllib.parse import unquote, unquote_plus

# Component
dec = unquote(s)
# Input with '+' for spaces
dec_plus = unquote_plus(s)

import (
    "net/url"
)

// Query component
enc := url.QueryEscape(text) // spaces => +
// Path segment
// go1.8+
// url.PathEscape(text)

import (
    "net/url"
)

// Query component
dec, _ := url.QueryUnescape(s)
// Path segment
// url.PathUnescape(s)

// Cargo.toml: urlencoding = "^2"
use urlencoding::{encode, encode_binary};

let enc = encode(text);              // component; spaces => %20
let enc_plus = enc.replace("%20", "+"); // if you need '+' for spaces

use urlencoding::decode;

// decode treats '+' as space
let dec = decode(s)?; // Result, _>

import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

// Query param / form style (spaces => '+')
String enc = URLEncoder.encode(text, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
// For RFC3986-like component encoding, replace '+' with %20 if needed
String encSpace = enc.replace("+", "%20");

import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

// URLDecoder treats '+' as space
String dec = URLDecoder.decode(s, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);